What is the function of the vehicle's bumper?

The bumper primarily serves as a protective component designed to absorb impact energy during collisions. Its primary function is to mitigate damage to the vehicle and protect its occupants in the event of a low-speed crash. By being built from materials that can deform upon impact, the bumper helps dissipate the forces generated during a collision, reducing the amount of energy transferred to the vehicle structure and passenger compartment. This capability is essential in preserving the integrity of both the vehicle and the well-being of its occupants.

While enhancing the vehicle's appearance can be a secondary benefit of modern bumpers, it does not encompass the core purpose of the component. Similarly, bumpers do not support the vehicle's weight, nor are they designed primarily to improve aerodynamics. The focus of bumper design centers on safety and collision energy management, making it a critical element in automotive engineering and design.